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Views in Django

  • Learn how Django views handle user requests and return responses in web applications.

  • What is a View in Django?

    A View is a Python function or class that:

    • Receives a request from the browser

    • Processes data (logic)

    • Returns a response (HTML, text, JSON, etc.)

    In simple words:
     👉 View = Brain of Django application

    🔄 Role of View in MVT Architecture

    Component

    Role

    Model

    Handles database

    View

    Handles business logic

    Template

    Handles UI / HTML

    📌 View connects Model and Template

    🔹 Types of Views in Django

    Django provides two main types of views:

    1. Function-Based Views (FBV)

    2. Class-Based Views (CBV)

    Function-Based Views (FBV)

    What is Function-Based View?

    • A Python function

    • Takes an HTTP request

    • Returns an HTTP response

    ✔ Simple

    ✔ Easy to understand

    ✔ Best for beginners

    Basic Syntax

    def view_name(request):

        return HttpResponse("Response")

    Simple FBV

Basic Function-Based View

This view returns a simple text response to the browser. 

from django.http import HttpResponse

def home(request):
    return HttpResponse("Welcome to Django Home Page")

  • When user visits URL → browser shows text

    FBV with HTML

Returning HTML using FBV

This view sends HTML content as response. 

def about(request):
    return HttpResponse("<h1>About Django</h1><p>Django is a web framework</p>")

  • FBV with URL Mapping

Connecting View with URL [ urls.py ]

Maps URL to function-based view. 

from django.urls import path
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('', views.home),
    path('about/', views.about),
]

  • Advantages of FBV

    • Easy to learn

    • Good for small projects

    • Clear flow of logic

    Limitations of FBV

    ❌ Code repetition
    ❌ Hard to manage large applications

    Class-Based Views (CBV)

    What is Class-Based View?

    • View written as a Python class

    • Uses OOP concepts

    • Each HTTP method handled separately

     Example:

    • GET

    • POST

    • PUT

    • DELETE

    Why CBV?

    •  Reusable code

    • Cleaner structure

    • Better for large applications

    Basic Syntax

    from django.views import View


    class MyView(View):

        def get(self, request):

            return HttpResponse("Hello")

    Code Example : Simple CBV

Basic Class-Based View

Handles GET request using class. 

from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.views import View

class HomeView(View):
    def get(self, request):
        return HttpResponse("Welcome to Class Based View")

  • URL Mapping for CBV

Mapping CBV to URL

Use .as_view() to connect CBV. 

from django.urls import path
from .views import HomeView

urlpatterns = [
    path('', HomeView.as_view()),
]

  • .as_view() converts class into callable view

    CBV with GET & POST

Handling Multiple HTTP Methods

Same view handles both GET and POST. 

class ContactView(View):
    def get(self, request):
        return HttpResponse("Contact Page")

    def post(self, request):
        return HttpResponse("Form Submitted")

  • Advantages of CBV

    •  Code reuse

    • Less duplication

    • Professional structure

    HttpResponse in Django

    What is HttpResponse?

    • Sends response to browser

    • Can return:

      • Text

      • HTML

      • JSON

      • File

HttpResponse with Text 

from django.http import HttpResponse

def message(request):
    return HttpResponse("Hello Django")

HttpResponse with HTML 

def html_view(request):
    return HttpResponse("<h2>Django Response</h2>")

HttpResponse with JSON 

from django.http import JsonResponse

def json_view(request):
    return JsonResponse({"name": "Django", "type": "Framework"})
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